GDF15 Antibody - #DF6006

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Product: GDF15 Antibody
Catalog: DF6006
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to GDF15
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Cited expt.: WB
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Bovine, Sheep
Mol.Wt.: 15kD(monomer),34kD(Observed); 34kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: Q99988
RRID: AB_2837983

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Related Downloads
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user. For optimal experimental results, antibody reuse is not recommended.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(100%), Bovine(100%), Sheep(100%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
GDF15 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total GDF15.
RRID:
AB_2837983
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF6006, RRID:AB_2837983.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

GDF 15; GDF-15; Gdf15; GDF15_HUMAN; Growth differentiation factor 15; Growth/differentiation factor 15; Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1; MIC 1; Mic-1; MIC1; NAG 1; NAG-1; NAG1; NRG 1; NRG-1; NRG1; NSAID (nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug) activated protein 1; NSAID; NSAID regulated protein 1; NSAID-activated gene 1 protein; NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein; PDF; PLAB; Placental bone morphogenetic protein; Placental bone morphogenic protein; Placental TGF beta; Placental TGF-beta; Prostate differentiation factor; PTGF beta; PTGFB;

Immunogens

Immunogen:

A synthesized peptide derived from human GDF15, corresponding to a region within N-terminal amino acids.

Uniprot:

Q99988(GDF15_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
GDF15(9518)
Expression:
Q99988 GDF15_HUMAN:

Highly expressed in placenta, with lower levels in prostate and colon and some expression in kidney (PubMed:9348093). Detected in plasma (at protein level) (PubMed:28572090, PubMed:29046435).

Description:
Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (Mic-1), also termed GDF15 (1), PTGF-β (2), PLAB (3), PDF (4), and NAG-1 (5), is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily (6). Like other family members, Mic-1 is synthesized as an inactive precursor that undergoes proteolytic processing involving removal of an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence followed by cleavage at a conserved RXXR site generating an active C-terminal domain that is secreted as a dimeric protein. Mic-1 is highly expressed in the placenta and is also dramatically increased by cellular stress, acute injury, inflammation, and cancer. In the brain, Mic-1 is found in the choroid plexus and is secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid (7). It is also a transcriptional target of the p53 tumor suppressor protein and may serve as a biomarker for p53 activity (8,9). During tumor progression, Mic-1 has various effects on apoptosis, differentiation, angiogenisis, and metastasis, and may also contribute to weight loss during cancer (10,11).
Sequence:
MPGQELRTVNGSQMLLVLLVLSWLPHGGALSLAEASRASFPGPSELHSEDSRFRELRKRYEDLLTRLRANQSWEDSNTDLVPAPAVRILTPEVRLGSGGHLHLRISRAALPEGLPEASRLHRALFRLSPTASRSWDVTRPLRRQLSLARPQAPALHLRLSPPPSQSDQLLAESSSARPQLELHLRPQAARGRRRARARNGDHCPLGPGRCCRLHTVRASLEDLGWADWVLSPREVQVTMCIGACPSQFRAANMHAQIKTSLHRLKPDTVPAPCCVPASYNPMVLIQKTDTGVSLQTYDDLLAKDCHCI

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Pig
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Horse
0
Dog
0
Xenopus
0
Zebrafish
0
Chicken
0
Rabbit
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses. Binds to its receptor, GFRAL, and activates GFRAL-expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which contitutes part of the 'emergency circuit' that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions. On hepatocytes, inhibits growth hormone signaling (By similarity).

Subcellular Location:

Secreted.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Highly expressed in placenta, with lower levels in prostate and colon and some expression in kidney. Detected in plasma (at protein level).

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

References

1). Overexpression of NAG-1/GDF15 prevents hepatic steatosis through inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated dsDNA release and AIM2 inflammasome activation. Redox Biology, 2022 (PubMed: 35504134) [IF=10.7]
2). Growth differentiation factor-15 overexpression promotes cell proliferation and predicts poor prognosis in cerebral lower-grade gliomas correlated with hypoxia and glycolysis signature. Life Sciences, 2022 (PubMed: 35588865) [IF=5.2]
3). Qizhen capsule inhibits colorectal cancer by inducing NAG-1/GDF15 expression that mediated via MAPK/ERK activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021 (PubMed: 33640439) [IF=4.8]

Application: WB    Species: mice    Sample: tumor tissue

Fig. 8. QZC significantly reduces HCT116 xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Mice were divided into model, QZCL (1.5 g/kg), QZCH (4.5 g/kg), QZCL/5-FU (1.5 g/kg+5-FU), and 5-FU groups (n = 12 mice/group). (A) Rate of tumor formation. (B) Xenograft tumor volumes (mm3 ) in nude mice. (C) Average final tumor weight. (D) Images of all tumors from all five groups. (E) Body weight change in nude mice. (F) Expression of the PARP, FoxO3a, AMPK and MAPK/ERK proteins in xenograft tumors, as determined using Western blot analyses. (G–I) The expression levels of NAG-1 in tumors and serum from nude mice, as determined using Western blotting (G), qRT-PCR (H), and ELISA (I). The relative intensities of all proteins were calculated after normalization to the total protein or β-actin. Data are presented as the means ± SE. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared with the model group; ##p < 0.05 for the comparison between the QZCH and model groups; △△p < 0.01 for the comparison between the 5-FU and model groups; and ◆◆p < 0.01 for the comparison between the QZCL/5-FU and model groups.

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