Product: Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha Antibody
Catalog: DF6103
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken
Mol.Wt.: 51kDa; 51kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P10276
RRID: AB_2838071

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 100ul $280 In stock
 200ul $350 In stock

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Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(100%), Dog(100%), Chicken(100%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha.
RRID:
AB_2838071
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF6103, RRID:AB_2838071.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

NR1B1; Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein retinoic acid receptor alpha fusion protein; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group B member 1; Nucleophosmin retinoic acid receptor alpha fusion protein NPM RAR long form; RAR alpha; RAR; RAR-alpha; rara; RARA_HUMAN; RARalpha; RARalpha1; Retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1; Retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 2; Retinoic acid receptor alpha; Retinoic acid receptor alpha polypeptide;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:
Gene(ID):
Expression:
P10276 RARA_HUMAN:

Expressed in monocytes.

Description:
Retinoids (vitamin A and its active retinoic acid derivatives) are non-steroid hormones that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Retinoic acid receptors (RARalpha, -beta and -gamma) and retinoid X receptors (RXRalpha, -beta and -gamma) are nuclear receptors that function as RAR-RXR heterodimers or RXR homodimers (1-2). In response to retinoid binding, these dimers control gene expression by binding to specific retinoic acid response elements, by recruiting cofactors and the transcriptional machinery, and by indirectly regulating chromatin structure. Finally, ligand binding and phosphorylation of RARalpha by JNK at Thr181, Ser445 and Ser461 controls the stability of RAR-RXR through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (3-4). At least four distinct genetic lesions affect RARalpha and result in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The t(15;17) translocation that results in the PML-RARalpha fusion protein is responsible for more than 99% of APL cases, and the fusion protein inhibits PML-dependent apoptotic pathways in a dominant negative fashion. In addition PML-RARalpha inhibits transcription of retinoic acid target genes by recruiting co-repressors, attenuating myeloid differentiation (5-6).
Sequence:
MASNSSSCPTPGGGHLNGYPVPPYAFFFPPMLGGLSPPGALTTLQHQLPVSGYSTPSPATIETQSSSSEEIVPSPPSPPPLPRIYKPCFVCQDKSSGYHYGVSACEGCKGFFRRSIQKNMVYTCHRDKNCIINKVTRNRCQYCRLQKCFEVGMSKESVRNDRNKKKKEVPKPECSESYTLTPEVGELIEKVRKAHQETFPALCQLGKYTTNNSSEQRVSLDIDLWDKFSELSTKCIIKTVEFAKQLPGFTTLTIADQITLLKAACLDILILRICTRYTPEQDTMTFSDGLTLNRTQMHNAGFGPLTDLVFAFANQLLPLEMDDAETGLLSAICLICGDRQDLEQPDRVDMLQEPLLEALKVYVRKRRPSRPHMFPKMLMKITDLRSISAKGAERVITLKMEIPGSMPPLIQEMLENSEGLDTLSGQPGGGGRDGGGLAPPPGSCSPSLSPSSNRSSPATHSP

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Dog
100
Chicken
100
Rabbit
100
Xenopus
67
Pig
0
Zebrafish
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P10276 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
S74 Phosphorylation
S77 Phosphorylation P50613 (CDK7)
S96 Phosphorylation P31749 (AKT1)
K118 Ubiquitination
S157 Phosphorylation
K166 Sumoylation
K171 Sumoylation
T181 Phosphorylation P45983 (MAPK8)
K190 Ubiquitination
T210 Phosphorylation Q13555 (CAMK2G)
S219 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
S369 Phosphorylation O75582 (RPS6KA5) , P17612 (PRKACA)
K399 Sumoylation
S405 Phosphorylation
S445 Phosphorylation P45983 (MAPK8)
S461 Phosphorylation P45983 (MAPK8)

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone deacetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. Formation of a complex with histone deacetylases might lead to inhibition of RARE DNA element binding and to transcriptional repression. Transcriptional activation and RARE DNA element binding might be supported by the transcription factor KLF2. RARA plays an essential role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced germ cell development during spermatogenesis (By similarity). Has a role in the survival of early spermatocytes at the beginning prophase of meiosis (By similarity). In Sertoli cells, may promote the survival and development of early meiotic prophase spermatocytes (By similarity). In concert with RARG, required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function (By similarity). Together with RXRA, positively regulates microRNA-10a expression, thereby inhibiting the GATA6/VCAM1 signaling response to pulsatile shear stress in vascular endothelial cells. In association with HDAC3, HDAC5 and HDAC7 corepressors, plays a role in the repression of microRNA-10a and thereby promotes the inflammatory response.

PTMs:

Phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. Phosphorylation does not change during cell cycle. Phosphorylation on Ser-77 is crucial for transcriptional activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation by AKT1 is required for the repressor activity but has no effect on DNA binding, protein stability nor subcellular localization. Phosphorylated by PKA in vitro. This phosphorylation on Ser-219 and Ser-369 is critical for ligand binding, nuclear localization and transcriptional activity in response to FSH signaling.

Sumoylated with SUMO2, mainly on Lys-399 which is also required for SENP6 binding. On all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) binding, a confromational change may occur that allows sumoylation on two additional site, Lys-166 and Lys-171. Probably desumoylated by SENP6. Sumoylation levels determine nuclear localization and regulate ATRA-mediated transcriptional activity.

Trimethylation enhances heterodimerization with RXRA and positively modulates the transcriptional activation.

Ubiquitinated.

Acetylated; acetylation is increased upon pulsatile shear stress and decreased upon oscillatory shear stress.

Subcellular Location:

Nucleus. Cytoplasm.
Note: Nuclear localization depends on ligand binding, phosphorylation and sumoylation (PubMed:19850744). Translocation to the nucleus in the absence of ligand is dependent on activation of PKC and the downstream MAPK phosphorylation (By similarity). Increased nuclear localization upon pulsatile shear stress (PubMed:28167758).

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed in monocytes.

Subunit Structure:

Heterodimer; with RXRA (via C-terminus); association with RXRA is enhanced by pulsatile shear stress. Binds DNA preferentially as a heterodimer. RXRA serves as enhancer to induce RARA binding to RARE. Interacts with RXRG. Interacts with coactivators NCOA3 and NCOA6. Interacts with NCOA7; the interaction requires ligand-binding. Interacts (via the ligand-binding domain) with PRAME; the interaction is ligand (retinoic acid)-dependent. Interacts with AKT1; the interaction phosphorylates RARA and represses transactivation. Interacts with PRKAR1A; the interaction negatively regulates RARA transcriptional activity. Interacts with NCOR1 and NCOR2. Interacts with PRMT2. Interacts with LRIF1. Interacts with ASXL1 and NCOA1. Interacts with ACTN4. In a complex with HDAC3, HDAC5 and HDAC7; the HDACs serve as corepressors of RARA, causing its deacetylation and inhibition of RARE DNA element binding; association with HDAC3, HDAC5 and HDAC7 is increased upon oscillatory shear stress. Interacts with CDK7 (By similarity). In the absence of hormonal ligand, interacts with TACC1.

Family&Domains:

Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain.

The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.

Research Fields

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Overview > Pathways in cancer.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Overview > Transcriptional misregulation in cancer.

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Specific types > Acute myeloid leukemia.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Th17 cell differentiation.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Estrogen signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

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