CD163 Antibody - #DF8235

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Product: CD163 Antibody
Catalog: DF8235
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to CD163
Application: WB IF/ICC
Cited expt.: WB, IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Bovine, Horse, Rabbit, Dog
Mol.Wt.: 125 kDa; 125kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: Q86VB7
RRID: AB_2841532

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MS Report
HPLC Report
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:1000-3000, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user. For optimal experimental results, antibody reuse is not recommended.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(100%), Bovine(86%), Horse(100%), Rabbit(86%), Dog(100%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
CD163 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total CD163.
RRID:
AB_2841532
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF8235, RRID:AB_2841532.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

C163A_HUMAN; CD 163; CD163; CD163 antigen; CD163 molecule; Hemoglobin scavenger receptor; M130; M130 antigen precursor; Macrophage associated antigen; MM130; OTTHUMP00000238617; OTTHUMP00000238618; OTTHUMP00000238619; OTTHUMP00000238620; SCARI1; Scavenger receptor cysteine rich type 1 protein M130; sCD163; Soluble CD163;

Immunogens

Immunogen:

A synthesized peptide derived from human CD163, corresponding to a region within N-terminal amino acids.

Uniprot:

Q86VB7(C163A_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
CD163(9332)
Expression:
Q86VB7 C163A_HUMAN:

Expressed in monocytes and mature macrophages such as Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, cortical macrophages in the thymus, resident bone marrow macrophages and meningeal macrophages of the central nervous system. Expressed also in blood. Isoform 1 is the lowest abundant in the blood. Isoform 2 is the lowest abundant in the liver and the spleen. Isoform 3 is the predominant isoform detected in the blood.

Sequence:
MSKLRMVLLEDSGSADFRRHFVNLSPFTITVVLLLSACFVTSSLGGTDKELRLVDGENKCSGRVEVKVQEEWGTVCNNGWSMEAVSVICNQLGCPTAIKAPGWANSSAGSGRIWMDHVSCRGNESALWDCKHDGWGKHSNCTHQQDAGVTCSDGSNLEMRLTRGGNMCSGRIEIKFQGRWGTVCDDNFNIDHASVICRQLECGSAVSFSGSSNFGEGSGPIWFDDLICNGNESALWNCKHQGWGKHNCDHAEDAGVICSKGADLSLRLVDGVTECSGRLEVRFQGEWGTICDDGWDSYDAAVACKQLGCPTAVTAIGRVNASKGFGHIWLDSVSCQGHEPAIWQCKHHEWGKHYCNHNEDAGVTCSDGSDLELRLRGGGSRCAGTVEVEIQRLLGKVCDRGWGLKEADVVCRQLGCGSALKTSYQVYSKIQATNTWLFLSSCNGNETSLWDCKNWQWGGLTCDHYEEAKITCSAHREPRLVGGDIPCSGRVEVKHGDTWGSICDSDFSLEAASVLCRELQCGTVVSILGGAHFGEGNGQIWAEEFQCEGHESHLSLCPVAPRPEGTCSHSRDVGVVCSRYTEIRLVNGKTPCEGRVELKTLGAWGSLCNSHWDIEDAHVLCQQLKCGVALSTPGGARFGKGNGQIWRHMFHCTGTEQHMGDCPVTALGASLCPSEQVASVICSGNQSQTLSSCNSSSLGPTRPTIPEESAVACIESGQLRLVNGGGRCAGRVEIYHEGSWGTICDDSWDLSDAHVVCRQLGCGEAINATGSAHFGEGTGPIWLDEMKCNGKESRIWQCHSHGWGQQNCRHKEDAGVICSEFMSLRLTSEASREACAGRLEVFYNGAWGTVGKSSMSETTVGVVCRQLGCADKGKINPASLDKAMSIPMWVDNVQCPKGPDTLWQCPSSPWEKRLASPSEETWITCDNKIRLQEGPTSCSGRVEIWHGGSWGTVCDDSWDLDDAQVVCQQLGCGPALKAFKEAEFGQGTGPIWLNEVKCKGNESSLWDCPARRWGHSECGHKEDAAVNCTDISVQKTPQKATTGRSSRQSSFIAVGILGVVLLAIFVALFFLTKKRRQRQRLAVSSRGENLVHQIQYREMNSCLNADDLDLMNSSENSHESADFSAAELISVSKFLPISGMEKEAILSHTEKENGNL

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Pig
100
Horse
100
Dog
100
Bovine
86
Rabbit
86
Sheep
0
Xenopus
0
Zebrafish
0
Chicken
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Acute phase-regulated receptor involved in clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. May play a role in the uptake and recycling of iron, via endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin and subsequent breakdown of heme. Binds hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes in a calcium-dependent and pH-dependent manner. Exhibits a higher affinity for complexes of hemoglobin and multimeric haptoglobin of HP*1F phenotype than for complexes of hemoglobin and dimeric haptoglobin of HP*1S phenotype. Induces a cascade of intracellular signals that involves tyrosine kinase-dependent calcium mobilization, inositol triphosphate production and secretion of IL6 and CSF1. Isoform 3 exhibits the higher capacity for ligand endocytosis and the more pronounced surface expression when expressed in cells.

After shedding, the soluble form (sCD163) may play an anti-inflammatory role, and may be a valuable diagnostic parameter for monitoring macrophage activation in inflammatory conditions.

PTMs:

A soluble form (sCD163) is produced by proteolytic shedding which can be induced by lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester and Fc region of immunoglobulin gamma. This cleavage is dependent on protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases and can be blocked by protease inhibitors. The shedding is inhibited by the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase TIMP3, and thus probably induced by membrane-bound metalloproteinases ADAMs.

Phosphorylated.

Subcellular Location:

Secreted.

Cell membrane>Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Note: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 show a lower surface expression when expressed in cells.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed in monocytes and mature macrophages such as Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, cortical macrophages in the thymus, resident bone marrow macrophages and meningeal macrophages of the central nervous system. Expressed also in blood. Isoform 1 is the lowest abundant in the blood. Isoform 2 is the lowest abundant in the liver and the spleen. Isoform 3 is the predominant isoform detected in the blood.

Family&Domains:

The SRCR domain 3 mediates calcium-sensitive interaction with hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes.

References

1). Biomimetic Multichannel Silk Nerve Conduits With Multicellular Spatiotemporal Distributions for Spinal Cord Injury Repair. Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2024 (PubMed: 39268784) [IF=27.4]
2). Injectable, antifouling granular zwitterionic hydrogels for preventing postoperative intrauterine adhesion and restoring fertility. Acta biomaterialia, 2025 (PubMed: 41173133) [IF=9.4]
3). Identification and validation of immune and diagnostic biomarkers for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome by integrating bioinformatics and machine-learning. Frontiers in immunology, 2025 (PubMed: 39917301) [IF=5.7]

Application: IHC    Species: human    Sample:

Figure 7. Verification of PLAC8 expression and immune cell infiltration in verified cohort. (A) Representative results of protein expression levels of PLAC8, CXCL10 and 7 immune cell markers in IC/BPS tissue and UC tissue (Microscale: 100 μm). (B) The IHC score of PLAC8 in IC/BPS tissues and UC tissues. (C) The IHC score of CXCL10 in IC/BPS tissues and UC tissues. (D) Number of positive cells for seven immune cell marker in IC/BPS tissues and UC tissues. (E) The relative proportions of seven immune cell marker’s protein expression in IC/BPS tissues and UC tissues. IC/BPS, interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome; UC, unaffected control; IHC, Immunohistochemistry. **P 
4). M2 macrophage derived exosomal miR-20a-5p ameliorates trophoblast pyroptosis and placental injuries in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome via the TXNIP/NLRP3 axis. Life sciences, 2025 (PubMed: 40127859) [IF=5.2]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: human    Sample:

Fig. 1. Identification of M2-polarized macrophages and M2-exos. (a) The morphology of THP-1, M0 and M2-polarized macrophages. Scale bars, 20 μm. (b) qRT-PCR analysis of CD68 and CD11b between THP-1 and M0 macrophages. (c) The specific markers of M2-polarized macrophages IL-10, CD163 and CD206 were analyzed by qRT-PCR. (d) Expression of CD163 and CD206 on M2-polarized macrophages were detected by cell immunofluorescence (IF). Scale bars, 20 μm. (e) Representative images of HTR8/SVneo cells uptake M2-exos. PKH67, phalloidin-iFluor594 and DAPI were used to stain exosomes, cytoskeleton and nuclei respectively. Scale bars, 20 μm. (f) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the morphology of M2-exos. Scale bar, 50 nm. (g) Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) measured the concentration and size of M2-exos. (h) The expression of exosome markers: HSP70, TSG101、CD81 and negative control calnexin was examined via the western blot of M2-exos and the corresponding cells. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.
5). Ruxolitinib attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by modulating macrophage polarization through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. International immunopharmacology, 2025 (PubMed: 40466612) [IF=4.8]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Mouse    Sample: RAW264.7 cells

Fig. 1. Ruxolitinib inhibits the polarization of IL-4/13-induced fibrotic macrophages in RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were exposed to Nintedanib (1 μM) or Ruxolitinib (5 μM and 10 μM) and IL-4/13 (20 ng/mL) for 12 h. (A) RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of Spp1, Ym1, and CD206 (n = 3 per group). (B) Western blot analysis of Arg-1 and CD206 protein expression levels. (C) Immunofluorescence staining of CD206, CD163, and Arg-1 in RAW264.7 cells. (D) Semi-quantitative analysis of CD206, CD163, and Arg-1 immunofluorescence staining in RAW264.7 cells. (E) Western blot analysis of p-JAK1, p-JAK2, and p-STAT6 protein expression levels (n = 3 per group). (F) Quantification of p-JAK1/JAK1, p-JAK2/JAK2, and p-STAT6/STAT6 protein expression in RAW264.7 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
6). Endometriosis-derived exosomes encapsulated miR-196a-5p mediate macrophage polarization through regulation of the Hippo pathway. Journal of cell communication and signaling, 2025 (PubMed: 40416727) [IF=3.6]

Application: WB    Species: human    Sample:

FIGURE 2 Role of EMs exosomes on macrophage polarization. (A) The exosomes were labeled with a PKH26 fluorescent probe and then co-cultured with macrophages induced from THP-1 cells, and the uptake of exosomes by macrophages was observed using a fluorescence microscope (scale bar: 200 μm). (B) RT-qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of macrophage polarization markers (iNOS and CD86 for M1 markers; CD206 and CD163 for M2 markers). (C) Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of macrophage polarization markers (iNOS and CD86 for M1 markers; CD206 and CD163 for M2 markers). (D) The proportion of CD86+ (M1) and CD206+ (M2) macrophages was detected using a flow cytometer. Data represent mean ± SD from three independent experiments. **: P < 0.01, ***: P < 0.001, compared with control exosomes.
7). PD-1-Positive Tumor-Associated Macrophages Define Poor Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Through Potential CD68/PD-1 Complex Interactions. Frontiers in Oncology, 2021 (PubMed: 34079767) [IF=3.5]

Application: WB    Species: Human    Sample: TAMs

FIGURE 5 | (A) Both THP-1 cells and THP-1 derived macrophages expressed PD-1 and CD68. T24 cells expressed PD-L1. (B) A co-IP assay showing the binding between CD68 and PD-1, hinting at the possibility of a CD68 and PD-1 interaction. (C) The binding of CD68 and PD-1 promoted THP-1 derived macrophages to M2 polarization whereas the blockage can reverse the process. (D) Molecular docking showing the interactions of CD68 and PD-1 through possible LAMP-like and IgV domains. SP indicates signal peptide and TM indicates transmembrane domain. (E) The cell viability assays of T24, THP-1 derived macrophages and PBMC co- culture experiments. T24 cell group and THP-1 derived macrophage group were the control groups. ***p < 0.001 (Student’s t-test).
8). ASPM Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates With Immune Infiltration in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Frontiers in Oncology, 2022 (PubMed: 35515103) [IF=3.5]

Application: IHC    Species: Human    Sample: KIRC and LIHC tissues

Figure 7 Expression analysis of ASPM in KIRC and LIHC tissues. (A) Relative level of ASPM mRNA using quantitative RT-PCR; **p < 0.01. (B) The expression of ASPM was analyzed by Western-blot analysis using a compound samples. (C) Tumor infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, and M2 macrophages in KIRC and LIHC using immunohistochemistry. 20 diagnosed cases of KIRC and 20 diagnosed cases of LIHC samples for immunohistochemistry. We validate the relationship between ASPM expression and B cells (marker: CD19), CD8+ T cells (marker: CD8A), and M2 macrophages (marker: CD163), we performed immunohistochemistry to assess ASPM, CD19, CD8A, and CD163. Muscle and lymph nodes as control samples. (a-d, f-i) Tumor infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, and M2 macrophages in KIRC. (k-n, p-s) Tumor infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, and M2 macrophages in LIHC. (a-d) High expression of ASPM (+++), CD8A (++), CD19 (++), and CD163 (++) in KIRC. (f-i) Low expression of ASPM (+), CD8A (+), CD19 (+), and CD163 (+) in KIRC. (k-n) High expression of ASPM (+++), CD8A (++), CD19 (++), and CD163 (++) in LIHC. (p-s) Low expression of ASPM (+), CD8A (+), CD19 (+), and CD163 (+) in LIHC. (e, o) lymph nodes was used as a positive control in KIRC (+++) and LIHC (+++). (j, t) muscle was used as a negative control in KIRC (-) and LIHC (-). The expression density of ASPM, CD8A, CD19, and CD163 in KIRC and LIHC tissues were quantitated by scoring staining intensity, including negative (–) and weak (+) staining, moderate (++) and strong (+ + +) staining, respectively.
9). Germacrone ameliorates acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion by regulating macrophage M1 polarization and mitochondrial defects. Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica, 2024 (PubMed: 39439416) [IF=3.3]

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample: lung tissues

Figure 2 . Germacrone attenuated the release of inflammatory factors and inhibited apoptosis (A‒D) The mRNA expression levels of IL-1α (A), IL-6 (B), COX2 (C), and TGF-α (D) in each group were determined by qPCR. (E,F) Immunofluorescence staining of ICAM1 (E) and TGF-α (F) in lung tissues from each group. Scale bar: 20 μm. (G) TUNEL staining showing the degree of apoptosis. Scale bar: 20 μm. (H) IHC staining of CD86, CD163, and Gr-1 in lung tissues from each group. Scale bar: 20 μm. (I) Protein expression levels of IL-1β, NOS2, TLR2, CD86, CD115, CD206, ARG1, and CD163 in each group, as detected by western blot analysis. Sham: control group; I/RI: mice whose superior mesenteric artery was completely clamped; I/RI + Ger: I/RI group administered with germacrone. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. *P 
10). Germacrone Ameliorates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion Via Regulating Macrophage M1 Polarization and Mitochondrial Defects. Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica, 2024 (PubMed: 39439416) [IF=3.3]

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample: lung tissues

Figure2 Germacrone attenuated the release of inflammatory factors and inhibits apoptosis. (AD) The mRNA expression levels of IL-1α (A), IL-6 (B), COX2 (C) and TGF-α (D) were determined by RT-qPCR in each group, respectively. (E-F) Immunofluorescence staining of ICAM1 (E) and TGF-α (F) in lung tissues of each group(400x), respectively. (G) TUNEL staining was employed to detect apoptosis level (400x). (H) IHC staining of CD86, CD163 and Gr-1 in lung tissues of each group. (I) The protein expression levels of IL-1β, NOS2, TLR2, CD86, CD115, CD206, ARG1, and CD163 were detected by Western blot in each group, respectively. Sham: control group, I/R+Con: chloral hydrate treated group, I/R+Ger: chloral hydrate treated group with Germacone administration. Data were shown as the mean ± SD.
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