NISCH Antibody - #DF13185

Acts either as the functional imidazoline-1 receptor (I1R) candidate or as a membrane-associated mediator of the I1R signaling. Binds numerous imidazoline ligands that induces initiation of cell-signaling cascades triggering to cell survival, growth and migration. Its activation by the agonist rilmenidine induces an increase in phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases MAPK1 and MAPK3 in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) neurons that exhibited rilmenidine-evoked hypotension (By similarity). Blocking its activation with efaroxan abolished rilmenidine-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in RVLM neurons (By similarity). Acts as a modulator of Rac-regulated signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Suppresses Rac1-stimulated cell migration by interacting with PAK1 and inhibiting its kinase activity (By similarity). Also blocks Pak-independent Rac signaling by interacting with RAC1 and inhibiting Rac1-stimulated NF-kB response element and cyclin D1 promoter activation (By similarity). Inhibits also LIMK1 kinase activity by reducing LIMK1 'Tyr-508' phosphorylation (By similarity). Inhibits Rac-induced cell migration and invasion in breast and colon epithelial cells (By similarity). Inhibits lamellipodia formation, when overexpressed (By similarity). Plays a role in protection against apoptosis. Involved in association with IRS4 in the enhancement of insulin activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. When overexpressed, induces a redistribution of cell surface ITGA5 integrin to intracellular endosomal structures.

Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Early endosome. Recycling endosome.
Note: Enriched in the early/sorting and recycling endosomes. Colocalized in early/sorting endosomes with EEA1 and SNX2 and in recycling endosomes with transferrin receptor. Detected in the perinuclear region partially associated with punctate structures (By similarity). Colocalizes with PAK1 in cytoplasm, vesicular structures in the perinuclear area and membrane ruffles (By similarity). Colocalizes with RAC1 in the cytoplasm and vesicles structures (By similarity). Colocalized with MAPK1 and MAPK3 in RVLM neurons (By similarity).

Isoform 1, isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed in brain. Isoform 1 is expressed in endocrine tissues.

Homooligomer. Interacts with GRB2. Interacts with PIK3R1; probably associates with the PI3-kinase complex. Interacts with IRS4. Found in a complex with ITGA5 and PAK1. Found in a complex with LIMK1 and PAK1. Interacts with ITGA5 (via cytoplasmic domain); this interaction is direct. Interacts with PAK1 (via kinase domain); this interaction is direct and is increased upon activation of PAK1 (By similarity). Interacts with LIMK1 (via PDZ and kinase domain); this interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with LIMK2; this interaction depends on LIMK2 activity (By similarity). Interacts with RAC1 (activated state) (By similarity). Interacts with STK11; this interaction may increase STK11 activity.

Both the presence of the PX domain and the coiled coil region are necessary for its endosomal targeting.