Product: PARP9 Antibody
Catalog: DF14015
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to PARP9
Application: ELISA(peptide)
Reactivity: Human
Mol.Wt.: 80~100kD; 96kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: Q8IXQ6

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Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
ELISA(peptide) 1:20000-1:40000
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
PARP9 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total PARP9.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 9; ARTD9; AW214463; B aggressive lymphoma protein; Bagl; BAL; BAL1; BC003281; DKFZp666B0810; DKFZp686M15238; EC 2.4.2.30; FLJ26637; FLJ35310; FLJ41418; FLJ43593; MGC:7868; MGC156739; MGC7868; OTTMUSP00000028034; PARP 9; PARP-9; Parp9; PARP9_HUMAN; Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase family member 9; Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 9; RGD1307534;

Immunogens

Immunogen:

A synthesized peptide derived from Human PARP9.

Uniprot:
Gene(ID):
Expression:
Q8IXQ6 PARP9_HUMAN:

Expressed in lymphocyte-rich tissues, spleen, lymph nodes, peripheral blood lymphocytes and colonic mucosa (PubMed:11110709, PubMed:16809771). Expressed in macrophages (PubMed:27796300). Also expressed in nonhematopoietic tissues such as heart and skeletal muscle (PubMed:11110709, PubMed:16809771). Isoform 2 is the predominant form (PubMed:11110709). Most abundantly expressed in lymphomas with a brisk host inflammatory response (PubMed:11110709, PubMed:16809771). In diffuse large B-cell lymphomas tumors, expressed specifically by malignant B-cells (PubMed:11110709, PubMed:16809771).

Sequence:
MDFSMVAGAAAYNEKSGRITSLSLLFQKVFAQIFPQWRKGNTEECLPYKCSETGALGENYSWQIPINHNDFKILKNNERQLCEVLQNKFGCISTLVSPVQEGNSKSLQVFRKMLTPRIELSVWKDDLTTHAVDAVVNAANEDLLHGGGLALALVKAGGFEIQEESKQFVARYGKVSAGEIAVTGAGRLPCKQIIHAVGPRWMEWDKQGCTGKLQRAIVSILNYVIYKNTHIKTVAIPALSSGIFQFPLNLCTKTIVETIRVSLQGKPMMSNLKEIHLVSNEDPTVAAFKAASEFILGKSELGQETTPSFNAMVVNNLTLQIVQGHIEWQTADVIVNSVNPHDITVGPVAKSILQQAGVEMKSEFLATKAKQFQRSQLVLVTKGFNLFCKYIYHVLWHSEFPKPQILKHAMKECLEKCIEQNITSISFPALGTGNMEIKKETAAEILFDEVLTFAKDHVKHQLTVKFVIFPTDLEIYKAFSSEMAKRSKMLSLNNYSVPQSTREEKRENGLEARSPAINLMGFNVEEMYEAHAWIQRILSLQNHHIIENNHILYLGRKEHDILSQLQKTSSVSITEIISPGRTELEIEGARADLIEVVMNIEDMLCKVQEEMARKKERGLWRSLGQWTIQQQKTQDEMKENIIFLKCPVPPTQELLDQKKQFEKCGLQVLKVEKIDNEVLMAAFQRKKKMMEEKLHRQPVSHRLFQQVPYQFCNVVCRVGFQRMYSTPCDPKYGAGIYFTKNLKNLAEKAKKISAADKLIYVFEAEVLTGFFCQGHPLNIVPPPLSPGAIDGHDSVVDNVSSPETFVIFSGMQAIPQYLWTCTQEYVQSQDYSSGPMRPFAQHPWRGFASGSPVD

Research Backgrounds

Function:

ADP-ribosyltransferase which, in association with E3 ligase DTX3L, plays a role in DNA damage repair and in immune responses including interferon-mediated antiviral defenses. Within the complex, enhances DTX3L E3 ligase activity which is further enhanced by PARP9 binding to poly(ADP-ribose). In association with DTX3L and in presence of E1 and E2 enzymes, mediates NAD(+)-dependent mono-ADP-ribosylation of ubiquitin which prevents ubiquitin conjugation to substrates such as histones. During DNA repair, PARP1 recruits PARP9/BAL1-DTX3L complex to DNA damage sites via PARP9 binding to ribosylated PARP1. Subsequent PARP1-dependent PARP9/BAL1-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites. In response to DNA damage, PARP9-DTX3L complex is required for efficient non-homologous end joining (NHEJ); the complex function is negatively modulated by PARP9 activity. Dispensable for B-cell receptor (BCR) assembly through V(D)J recombination and class switch recombination (CSR) (By similarity). In macrophages, positively regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines production in response to IFNG stimulation by suppressing PARP14-mediated STAT1 ADP-ribosylation and thus promoting STAT1 phosphorylation. Also suppresses PARP14-mediated STAT6 ADP-ribosylation.

PTMs:

ADP-ribosylated by PARP14.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm>Cytosol. Nucleus.
Note: Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytosol (PubMed:16809771). Translocates to the nucleus in response to IFNG or IFNB1 stimulation (PubMed:26479788). Export to the cytosol depends on the interaction with DTX3L (PubMed:16809771). Localizes at sites of DNA damage in a PARP1-dependent manner (PubMed:23230272, PubMed:28525742).

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed in lymphocyte-rich tissues, spleen, lymph nodes, peripheral blood lymphocytes and colonic mucosa. Expressed in macrophages. Also expressed in nonhematopoietic tissues such as heart and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 is the predominant form. Most abundantly expressed in lymphomas with a brisk host inflammatory response. In diffuse large B-cell lymphomas tumors, expressed specifically by malignant B-cells.

Subunit Structure:

Forms a stable complex with E3 ligase DTX3L; the interaction is required for PARP9 mediated ADP-ribosylation of ubiquitin. Interacts (via PARP catalytic domain) with DTX3L (via N-terminus). Forms a complex with STAT1 and DTX3L independently of IFNB1 or IFNG-mediated STAT1 'Tyr-701' phosphorylation. Forms a complex with STAT1, DTX3L and histone H2B HIST1H2BH/H2BJ; the interaction is likely to induce HIST1H2BH/H2BJ ubiquitination. Interacts (via N-terminus) with STAT1. Interacts with PARP14 in IFNG-stimulated macrophages; the interaction prevents PARP14-mediated STAT1 and STAT6 ADP-riboslylation. Interacts with PARP1 (when poly-ADP-ribosylated).

Family&Domains:

Macro domains 1 and 2 may be involved in the binding to poly(ADP-ribose) (PubMed:28525742, PubMed:26479788). Macro domain 2 is required for recruitment to DNA damage sites (PubMed:23230272). Macro domains 1 and 2 are probably dispensable for the interaction with STAT1 and DTX3L and for STAT1 phosphorylation (PubMed:26479788).

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